Originally designed and built in the 1940s, chiropractor Volney Mathison used his device, commonly known as an E-meter, to measure the "degree of physic trauma" of his patients. The machine uses electricity to measure physiological responses of the body and relates them to supposed psychological conditions. In the 1950s, L. Ron Hubbard, founder of the Church of Scientology, began using it in his practice of Dianetics, and Scientology engineers created a modified version, which is still used today. This unit was made by Arcon Mfg. Co., USA, 1955.

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