Researchers at the AMBER material science center at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland have created a process to support larger and more complex 3-D printing of bone material.

Instead of outright printing bone, the AMBER team's bioprinting involved depositing different biomaterials and adult stem cells to engineer cartilage templates matching the shape of a segment within the spine. A cartilage templates was able to mature  over time into a fully functional bone organ with its own blood vessels.

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[Image courtesy of AMBER material science center at Trinity College Dublin]